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Ascolto, linguaggi, tecnologie, storia, geopolitica, cultura della radio: emittenti locali, internazionali e pirata • Web radio • radio digitale • streaming music • ham radio • software defined and cognitive radio • radiocomunicazioni • regolamentazione
Sono un lettore del suo blog, un riferimento piacevole ed interessante per chiunque ami la radiofonia. Da direttore di una Web TV e persona che lavora nel webcasting da qualche anno, le vorrei porre un quesito che, se lo gradisce, si potrebbe discutere anche sul blog con gli altri lettori: il DAB serve davvero?(A margine di quanto scrive Edoardo, vorrei solo aggiungere che le tecnologie satellitari potrebbero essero meno dorate rispetto al loro apparente luccichìo. Negli Stati Uniti la radio digitale via satellite è una miscela di successo (in termini di gradimento da parte degli abbonati (e insuccesso: due operatori che si sono dovuti fondere, una situazione finanziaria a forte rischio). Inoltre l'illuminazione di territori complessi richiede il dispiegamento di reti terrestri di ripetitori gap filler.)
Leggo con interesse sia gli articoli che lei pubblica sul blog, sia la stampa internazionale sull’argomento e devo dire che non vedo troppo entusiasmo intorno al DAB, eppure nonostante questo tutti governi europei sembrano decisi ad andare avanti. Alcuni più in fretta, altri con lentezza, ma la strada imboccata sembra quella.
Forse peccherò di eccessiva dietrologia ma, a mio modesto parere, il DAB non è altro che il mantenimento dello stato delle cose attuali. Mi spiego meglio, scendendo in merito al caso italiano. Si dice che con il DAB ci sono sul mercato molte più emittenti. Certo è fuori di dubbio, ma è altrettanto vero che la gran parte delle emittenti appartengono agli stessi gruppi radiofonici che dominano la scena oggi in Italia, tanto nazionale che locale. Basta andare a leggere l’elenco delle emittenti ricevibili in DAB nelle città dove è possibile e lo si vede chiaramente.
In sostanza non cambia nulla. Indubbiamente siamo di fronte ad una nuova tecnologia, però il problema rimane sempre uno: aprire un’emittente radiofonica, sia essa in FM o DAB, è uno sforzo economico non indifferente. Proprio qui sta la differenza abissale con il Web. Io vedo nella rete uno strumento molto più democratico, dal punto di vista soprattutto della quantità. Cosa sono ad esempio trenta emittenti ricevibili in DAB quando con internet se ne possono ascoltare migliaia da tutto il mondo?
Altra questione, il satellite. Non riesco a capire perché in Europa non venga sfruttata e potenziata questa tecnologia, tanto per la TV, quanto per la radio. Negli Usa ha dato un riscontro molto positivo, non potrebbe essere lo stesso da noi? I sostanza il digitale satellitare già esiste, è il DVB-S, ed è tale tanto in trasmissione, quanto in ricezione. Domanda, perché non utilizzare questa tecnologia al posto del DAB/DVB-T? Sarebbe un modo per garantire una reale scelta alla gente (molte più TV e radio), ma anche occasione per smantellare una buona parte dei ripetitori sul territorio. Tra l’altro leggevo su una ricerca che solo il 28% delle famiglie italiane ha la possibilità di accedere alla TV satellitare (free e a pagamento). Questo dato è impressionante e desolante se paragonato a quello di altri paesi europei, o addirittura Est europei.
La portabilità delle connessioni internet e della tecnologia satellitare rendono già possibile uno sviluppo della radiofonia in modo simile a quello che fu l’FM con le radioline tascabili. Invece no, si punta sul DAB che da anni dovrebbe decollare e che invece è ancora in fase sperimentale.
Tutto questo mi riporta al pensiero espresso prima. Sulla volontà di diffondere il DAB a tutti i costi operano non solo ragioni economiche ma anche politiche. Si tratta di un modo, almeno in Italia, per svoltare tecnologia privilegiando lo status quo, senza una reale apertura al mercato. Cosa che, a mio parere, già avviene in parte sul satellite ed in modo sostanziale sul Web. Proprio per questo in Italia il satellite ed il Web sono di fatto ignorati, non tanto dalla gente, quanto dagli operatori del settore. Il fatto è che sul Web non si può barare, non ci sono frequenze da comprare a peso d’oro, si parte tutti dallo stesso punto ed è l’utente a scegliere. Il vero pluralismo si misura anche sulla quantità e non solo sulla qualità di ciò che viene offerto. Credo che il DAB non rappresenti una vera rivoluzione su questo versante.
MYANMAR Radio boon to Kayin listeners
May 27, 2009YANGON (UCAN) -- Hong Kong youths log onto the Internet, children in Tokyo use their mobile phones and many Delhi kids have scores of cable TV channels to entertain them.
But for the Kayin, or Karen, ethnic people in Myanmar, a cheap US$10 radio is their "hi-tech" link to communications and entertainment. Here you'll find many Kayin with "Made in China" radios tuned to Radio Veritas Asia's (RVA) Kayin service.
The RVA, based in Quezon City north of Manila and sponsored by the Federation of Asian Bishops' Conferences, has provided a Kayin-language service for over 25 years. Its Catholic programs have become a source of spiritual strength and information to thousands of Kayin Christians, most of whom are Protestant.
The programs include reflections on the Bible, meditations, family and youth issues, question and answer sessions on spirituality, sessions on the lives of the saints, local news and Kayin culture.
Anthony Htun Mya, 45, from Hkaungpu-Bawsi in Hpa-pun Township, Kayin State, who was on a visit to Yangon, is one such listener. He is a regular follower of Radio Veritas' shortwave early morning and evening services.
In his village, the programs are virtually the only window to the outside world, he said. There, all the Catholic and Baptist villagers regularly tune in to the service.
"Because of the lack of newspapers, magazines and novels, we have all come to understand the value of the service, especially since many Kayin don't understand the (main) Burmese language properly," he said. "It makes us especially happy to hear religious news broadcasts in the Kayin language."
Htun said he really enjoys listing to the Kayin songs which are relaxing and help him unwind after a tiring day at work. But homilies are his favorite.
Regular Kayin-language services are broadcast seven days a week from 6:30 a.m. to 7 a.m. and 6:30 p.m. to 7 p.m. Of the two Kayin languages, Pwo Kayin is broadcast only on Wednesdays and Saturdays, the rest are in Sagaw Kayin.
Mahn Paul, 50, from Myaungmya is a composer and in charge of recording at the Thoo-lay-phaw Kayin Studio at Sts. Peter and Paul Church in Yangon. He also contributes to programs. "I've been listening to the programs for 25 years," he said. "It's especially delightful to compose songs for the program and I will be trying my best to come up with more modern songs."
Such is the popularity of the service that loud speakers are placed at the Sts. Peter and Paul Bible School, so all those in the compound or in the vicinity can hear the broadcasts.
Plans are also afoot to provide a Kayin language support center at Sts. Peter and Paul Church where Kayin listeners can send requests and suggestions for the service. Internet and digital facilities will also be available when the center comes into operation.
Elizabeth Hla Hla Nwe 42, a listener from the village of Outsu, Twantay Township, said: "I have been listening to the RVA for more than 15 years and I love the programs on spirituality. Birthday song requests, homilies and the program on the lives of the saints are also my favorites."
However, the broadcasts serve other needs as well. She said she and fellow villagers also have also "learned more about other things such as health issues and the use of medicines, which is very important when you consider the scarcity of doctors and nurses in remote areas."
Retired Archbishop Gabriel Thohey Mahn Gaby, former archbishop of Yangon, established the Kayin radio service on April 1, 1982. At present, Bishop John Hsane Hgyi of Pathein and Bishop Raymond Saw Po Ray of Mawlamyine oversee the Kayin broadcasts.
RVA, which broadcasts in 15 languages across Asia, is the only continental Catholic shortwave station in the world. It celebrated 40 years of broadcasting in April.
Waiting for a fine-tune
May 28, 2009 Would-be early adopter Rod Easdown goes shopping for a digital radio.Way out west, history was made on May 4 when Perth became the first Australian city to crank up digital radio. Melbourne followed a week later, then Adelaide. Brisbane starts on May 25 and Sydney on May 30.
I was in Perth this week, so I cruised the electronics shops to see how enthusiastically Australia's most experienced digital radio audience was embracing what Commercial Radio Australia calls its "historic first".
I started at a suburban Tandy shop - where they had no stock. I asked if they'd had many inquiries. "You're it," I was told.
At a much larger Dick Smith shop they were full bottle on the subject and, yes, lots of people had been asking. The salesman gave me the best explanation of digital radio I've heard and was genuinely excited about it. But he had no stock either. "There are lots of generic brands around at the moment," he said darkly. "We're waiting for the market to sort itself."
Around the corner, the Good Guys had a single digital radio on display, a Revo at $249. The only problem was that it was next to a better-looking Sony AM/FM radio that was almost as big and cost $39.
This didn't faze the salesman. He launched into an explanation of digital radio and ran out of steam only when I asked why ABC stations weren't available yet. He assured me they'd have more stock by the time Radio National came on stream.
At Retravision there were two on display, a Pure at $249 and a Sangean at $599, but the salesman knew nothing much about them except that all the stations were listed on the screen and you just scrolled down to the one you wanted. I asked about the ABC and he immediately offered me a $100 discount.
At Harvey Norman they had six: three Roberts, two Pures and a Revo that, at $299, was $50 up on the same model at the Good Guys. I played with all of them, but only one seemed capable of receiving a signal, the others giving a "Station not available" message. Meanwhile, every member of the sales staff avoided me. I left.
Over at Rick Hart (Perth's equivalent of Clive Peeters), I came across a salesman talking to a customer about digital radios. Well, he was reading the features aloud from the back of the box, anyway. I asked why I should buy a digital rather than a conventional radio, and the customer answered all my questions; a look of contented mystery was on the face of the staffer.
The only thing he knew was that sound quality was better, so I asked to hear one. "Um," he said. "This is first time I've touched one." He poked and prodded for a couple of minutes until I could contain myself no longer, and tuned it for him. "It does sound pretty good, doesn't it?" he said, delighted.
The only thing they'd done right at Rick Hart was to separate the digital radios from the conventional radios so the breathtaking digital prices were a little less obvious. Maybe someone there knew a thing or two, but that person was nowhere in our vicinity.
To summarise, then. The best salesman of the lot had nothing to sell, the salespeople with the best stock charged too much and didn't want to sell it anyway, and the only customer I met knew so much more about the subject than the salesman that it all got kind of embarrassing.
It was reminiscent of the launch of digital television back in January 2001 when finding a salesperson who knew anything about digital set-top boxes was a feat exceeded only by finding one with stock to sell.
As the man at the Good Guys assured me: "Normal old analog radio is going to be around for a long, long time yet - don't worry about that."
Il sindaco della capitale russa, Yuri Luzhkov, vuole potenziare la vecchia rete fonica dei tempi dell'Unione Sovietica
Mosca, altoparlanti in ogni casa per diffondere la voce del regime
dal nostro corrispondente LEONARDO COEN
Yuri Luzhkov
MOSCA - "Vnimanie, vnimanie! Govorit Moskva! Ot sovetskov informbjurò": erano gli anni della Grande Guerra Patriottica contro i nazisti, la voce stentorea di Yuri Borisovich Levitan scandiva con lentezza i bollettini dal fronte, i moscoviti, col fiato sospeso, l'ascoltavano dagli altoparlanti che il regime sovietico aveva sistemato ad ogni incrocio importante della capitale russa. Hitler voleva fucilare prima Stalin e poi subito Levitan, non solo perché l'annunciatore era ebreo ma soprattutto perché era diventato la voce della resistenza russa contro l'invasore. Fu Levitan a pronunciare il tragico ordine numero 227 del 28 luglio 1942, quando Stalin intimò alle truppe "neanche un passo indietro". Il dittatore minacciava la morte a chi seminava il panico e concludeva il suo messaggio con le parole "coraggio, la vittoria sarà nostra!".
Gli altoparlanti di Mosca rimasero al loro posto, ma ormai la loro funzione era stata travolta dal progresso: le radioline. E poi, ogni casa era collegata con la filodiffusione: la voce di Levitan scosse l'orgoglio sovietico il giorno che il primo satellite Sputnik girò attorno al pianeta, e soprattutto il 12 aprile del 1961, per confermare che l'Urss aveva lanciato nello spazio il primo cosmonauta, battendo gli Stati Uniti nella corsa alla conquista delle stelle. E tuttavia, molti moscoviti ebbero un riflesso condizionato, spalancarono le finestre di casa per ascoltare la voce dell'immarcescibile Levitan che si moltiplicava grazie alla diffusione dei vecchi altoparlanti, emblemi di un'epoca di angosce, paura e speranze.
Ebbene, qualche giorno fa il comune di Mosca ha deciso di ridare vita alla vecchia struttura delle rete fonica che durante la Guerra Fredda avrebbe dovuto giocare un ruolo essenziale per la mobilitazione della popolazione in caso di attacco nucleare: in fondo, erano sopravvissuti all'usura ancora 430 altoparlanti. Perché non riammodernarli e moltiplicarne il numero in modo da coprire interamente, o quasi, il territorio urbano? Il vulcanico sindaco 72enne Yuri Luzhkov, che ha vissuto gli anni di guerra, la denuncia dello stalinismo e la caduta dell'Urss, ha deciso di investire in questa impresa 1,76 miliardi di rubli spalmati sino al 2014 per dotare tutte le 4000 strade, piazze bulevar, prospekt della città, di modernissimi diffusori sonori. Anzi, il progetto è ancora più ambizioso: perché prevede una copertura capillare anche a livello di case. Un altoparlante per famiglia.
Paura di nuove guerre? Il documento non ne parla esplicitamente, anche se in questi giorni si sono evocati futurama bellici per la difesa dell'Artico e dei giacimenti di petrolio e gas siberiani. Però, è sottolineata la necessità di informare la cittadinanza nei casi di emergenza e solo una rete di altoparlanti come quella che coprirà Mosca entro il 2014 potrà garantirlo al 90% . Si comincerà con l'installazione in un solo distretto, poi nei siti a rischio dopodiché si passerà ai luoghi "socialmente significativi", infine negli appartamenti privati e negli androni dei caseggiati: "Vnimanie, vnimanie!", risuonerà di nuovo. Ma non con la voce del mitico Levitan, scomparso nel 1983.
Zune HD is the next iteration of the Zune device family and brings a new level of listening and viewing experiences to the portable media player category.
• Zune HD comes with a built-in HD Radio receiver so users can listen to higher-quality sound than traditional radio on the go. Users also will have access to the additional song and artist data broadcast by HD Radio stations as well as additional channels from their favorite stations multicasting in HD. If you don’t like the song playing on your station’s HD channel, switch to its HD2 or HD3 channels for additional programming.
• The bright OLED touch screen interface allows users to flip through music, movies and other content with ease, and the 16:9 widescreen format display (480x272 resolution) offers a premium viewing experience on the go.
• The HD-compatible output lets Zune HD customers playback supported HD video files from the device through a premium high-definition multimedia interface (HDMI) audiovisual docking station (sold separately) direct to an HD TV in 720p.
• Zune HD will include a full-screen Internet browser optimized for multitouch functionality.
• Zune HD is Wi-Fi enabled, allowing for instant streaming to the device from the more than 5 million-track Zune music store.
Radio Vaticana in rosso
La Santa Sede apre agli spot
Le réclame saranno trasmesse in cinque lingue diverse. Per il direttore della radio il cambiamento in linea con la trasformazione del network.
Dopo il sito novità in arrivo anche per la radio della Santa Sede.
CITTA' DEL VATICANO - E adesso consigli per gli acquisti. Questo gli ascoltatori di Radio Vaticana non lo avevano ancora sentito, almeno fino ad ora. Già perché a causa dei conti in rosso, l'emittente radiofonica della Santa Sede ha preso una decisione storica: aprire agli inserzionisti pubblicitari. Ad annunciarlo è stato il suo direttore, padre Federico Lombardi, nel corso di una conferenza stampa.
"Il primo cambiamento piuttosto evidente - ha detto Padre Lombardi - è il fatto che su Roma in Fm, sull'Italia in Dab e per tutto il mondo via Internet, vi è adesso un canale di trasmissione della Radio Vaticana: One-o-five-live, un canale radio che trasmette 24 ore su 24. Questa programmazione, con un pubblico anche sempre più stabile, è naturalmente un ambiente in cui la pubblicità si inserisce con più pertinenza, con più logica - ha concluso.
Il primo cliente sarà l'Enel, che trasmetterà il primo spot in cinque lingue dall'8 luglio fino a fine settembre. "Siamo orgogliosi di essere stati scelti come primo inserzionista per una radio che è fra le più diffuse al mondo - ha detto il presidente dell'Enel Piero Gnudi. "Questo ci consente di trasmettere, comunicare, far conoscere i nostri progetti in tutto il mondo".
Alla Mabq di Egidio Maggioni spetta invece il compito di occuparsi della raccolta pubblicitaria. "Il nostro lavoro - ha detto Maggioni - sarà quello di cercare inserzionisti offrendo uno strumento particolare che non è mai esistito sinora sul mercato pubblicitario, con tutti i 'paletti' del caso. E' evidente che non tutte le aziende possono avere la caratteristica, anche merceologica, di comparire con degli spot sulla Radio Vaticana. Faremo dunque un lavoro di preselezione e poi di proposta alla Radio di eventuali clienti - ha concluso il presidente della Mabq.
Evaluación de riesgos
ANTÓN LUACES A la vista de la que se viene encima, uno se pregunta hasta qué punto el director general de la Marina Mercante, Felipe Martínez, ha evaluado el riesgo al que se va a ver sometido el mundo de las radiocomunicaciones marítimas cuando, a partir de abril, Abertis-Telecom (Retevisión) se haga cargo del servicio de socorro que, desde el ya lejano año 1971, vienen prestando las estaciones costeras de Telefónica. Sólo desde la existencia de unos intereses superiores -que a uno se le escapan- puede entenderse que Marina Mercante haga el Tancredo ante la embestida que va a suponer un cambio que, en primer lugar, significa la pérdida de la correspondencia pública (el 16 de marzo Telefónica abandona este servicio importante para los profesionales de la mar y Abertis-Telecom no se hace cargo del mismo), seguida de la Red Mercurio (a través de la cual se facilita información para servicios indispensables, entre estos los de Salvamento Marítimo), el Navtex y hasta, presumiblemente, el Sistema de Identificación Automática de buques (AIS). Además, Abertis prescinde de 6 de los 61 oficiales radio que conforman la actual plantilla de Preservi (servicio creado por Telefónica en el seno del Servicio Radiomarítimo) porque, al parecer, "no encajan con el estilo de trabajo de Abertis". Otro paso más de Abertis: recurre a la contratación externa (15 personas) y pone el ojo en los capitanes y pilotos de la Marina Mercante, dos de los cuales ya tienen destino: Valencia y Bilbao. Son éstos oficiales de puente femeninos que, al decir de los que actualmente desempeñan la función radio en las comunicaciones, no tienen experiencia en estas, como tampoco la tienen otros titulados por la Escuela de Cádiz que, asimismo, disponen ya de un precontrato. Pero, además, los radios de las costeras de Telefónica, de ser contratados por Abertis deberán superar un periodo de prueba que, en el peor de los casos, puede servir a la compañía para ponerlos en la calle sin ningún tipo de compensación económica al cabo de tres meses. Oficialmente, se les contratará a unos en calidad de fijos (los más antiguos) y, a otros, (los más recientes) por obra y servicio. Abertis no especifica el número.
Las estaciones costeras (en Galicia existen las de A Coruña-Fisterra, A Guarda, Vigo y Ortegal en VHF, y Coruña Radio y Fisterra Radio en AM) se irán cerrando paulatinamente y serán sustituidas por centros de Abertis en Bilbao, A Coruña, Tenerife, Las Palmas, Málaga y Valencia, con 12 personas en cada centro. Las previsiones apuntan a que los centros de Bilbao y A Coruña (este situado en un antiguo almacén de Retevisión, en A Grela) comenzarán a emitir el 30 de marzo con personal de Preservi. El día 23 de febrero, Abertis abre sus emisiones (sólo recepción) en prueba en el centro de Valencia, con 7 trabajadores que han realizado ya un curso de tres días para saber "cómo tratar a los clientes", es decir, a gente de mar que sabe perfectamente qué servicio se les presta.
Si Marina Mercante quiere corregir esta situación -cosa que dudo- tiene en su mano el poder hacerlo: una cláusula del pliego de concurso estipula que, antes del 26 de abril, el adjudicatario (Abertis) debe tener en funcionamiento pleno el sistema de radiocomunicación marítima, con su canal de socorro al 100%. De no ser así, la Dirección General de la Marina Mercante puede rescatar el servicio. Hasta entonces, el operativo actual de Telefónica se mantiene en paralelo con el de Abertis. Si no funciona éste, a ver cómo Marina Mercante "tapa" un problema que conoce suficientemente bien y que no beneficia, en absoluto, a la gente de mar, que retrocede 15 años en la prestación de este servicio indispensable. Porque Marina Mercante sabía que no resultaría fácil, ni mucho menos, montar en seis meses un servicio radiomarítimo partiendo de cero. La sociedad Isdefe que asesoró a la mesa de contratación y, al parecer, asesora actualmente a Abertis tendría que aclarar, junto con Marina Mercante y su jefe de área de Radiocomunicaciones, qué ventajas ofreció Abertis sobre una red ya instalada, en funcionamiento desde 1971, y que invirtió más de 100 millones de euros en actualizar sistemas (10 millones en instalar el GMDSS que ya no le servirá para nada).
Realmente no se evaluaron los riesgos. Salvo que existan beneficios ¿para la mar y su gente? que uno desconoce. El tiempo lo va a decir.***
Abertis-Telecom, corrige
En defensa de su puesto de trabajo y, posiblemente, consciente de la importancia que el mismo tiene -al menos para él- el director de Marketing de Abertis-Telecom en una carta al director de LA OPINIÓN manifestaba su disconformidad con cuanto se había publicado en este diario, en relación con su empresa, (nunca contra sus empleados), y la adjudicación del contrato que vincula por cuatro años a Abertis-Telecom (Retevisión) con el socorro marítimo, entre otros servicios que vienen prestando las todavía estaciones costeras de Telefónica
ANTÓN LUACES
El contrato significa para Retevisión la percepción de 42,5 millones de euros, 11 millones de euros menos que lo ofertado por Telefónica para renovar la concesión que mantenía desde 1971.
Telefónica, por cierto, ha realizado importantes inversiones en la digitalización de los sistemas de comunicación hoy en día exigidos por la tecnología de los propios buques.
Como es conocido, a partir del 27 de abril próximo, la seguridad de la vida humana en la mar estará, en buena medida, en manos de los técnicos -55 de ellos, al parecer, de los que actualmente prestan servicio en las costeras a través de la empresa Preservi- que, se supone, habrá contratado ya la concesionaria. El contrato adjudicado a Abertis-Telecom (Retevisión) obliga a esta a hacerse cargo de los servicios de comunicación radiomarítima -para lo cual ya realizan pruebas que, según fuentes consultadas, han significado serios problemas por invasión con interferencias y bloqueos de los canales de socorro- en VHF, AM y Onda Corta, con sus correspondientes servicios Navtex, red mercurio, correspondencia comercial, etc.
Nadie duda de la capacidad tecnológica de Abertis-Telecom, pero sí de la experiencia de la compañía en el campo al que ahora accede por una diferencia de 26 puntos sobre la oferta de Telefónica, abierta, al igual que la de Abertis-Telecom, en presencia de la sociedad calificadora Isdefe que, en contra de lo que expone en su carta el director de Marketing de Retevisión, sí asesoró y continuará asesorando a la nueva concesionaria. Los criterios objetivos de adjudicación han generado muchas dudas entre los profesionales del sector, que temen que se esté a punto de "tirar por la borda el trabajo de casi 40 años".
Actualmente existen 33 estaciones costeras de cobertura VHF, 15 en MF y, en Madrid, un centro de comunicación, Diana Radio, de vital importancia para las radiocomunicaciones de los barcos españoles que operan en aguas lejanas, muchos de ellos pesqueros.
En el Congreso de los Diputados están registradas varias iniciativas en las que se pregunta al Gobierno si garantiza este servicio en unas condiciones óptimas cuando se produzca el cambio de operador, si la nueva concesionaria posee experiencia en el campo de las comunicaciones marítimas, si los oficiales radioelectrónicos van a ser suplantados por titulados náuticos con el certificado de operador del sistema mundial de socorro, o si el Ministerio de Fomento puede encomendar la operación de las estaciones costeras a empresas que carecen de la necesaria solvencia patrimonial.
Son iniciativas firmadas por diputados de distintas formaciones políticas, que pretendían evitar una hecatombe en un sector que, con la propia Telefónica, ha vivido ya suficientes sobresaltos en los últimos años y de los que, en cualquier caso, tiene constancia fehaciente el actual Director General de la Marina Mercante.
La crítica -de eso se trata- del director de Marketing de Retevisión no es sino el conocido "disparar al mensajero". Sólo la puesta en marcha del servicio -que uno, particularmente, desea se lleve a cabo felizmente por el bien de la gente de mar- podrá indicar hasta qué punto la concesión y la responsabilidad de Marina Mercante se han conjuntado debidamente para dar cobertura a quien la necesita en la mar y no a quien juega y vela por sus intereses personales y/o profesionales.
Back in 2007, you posted a link to the West Chester Guerilla Drive-In, where we project 16MM movies at secret locations from the sidecar of my 1977 BMW motorcycle:
The kit-built AM transmitter in the photo you posted is the MacGuffin, a secret AM transmitter in a waterproof case hidden somewhere in the area, and broadcasting around the clock. In order to find out where movies are going to be shown, you have to find the broadcast, tune in, and discover the secret access code.
This year, the audio for the AM broadcast includes a freshly-recorded cover of "Brazil", which you will probably remember as the soundtrack for the Ministry of Information in Terry Gilliam's awesome 1985 movie.
You can see the MacGuffin and hear the first bit of the secret message on the Guerilla Drive-In website.
BBC Online and behavioural targeting
Seetha Kumar
Friday, 15 May 2009
I am fortunate in being surrounded by people for whom creative technology is intuitive, exhilarating and extraordinarily vivid. A connected world is the world we help shape.
However for those for whom the internet feels like alien territory, anxieties around issues such as safety, security and privacy can stand in the way of making the most of what the web has to offer.
These concerns are real. Our public service ethos acts as a powerful motivator: we want to provide a safe environment within which people can enjoy our offer.
Recently, there have been a lot of column inches on the use of so-called 'behavioural targeting' - the delivery of adverts to audiences based on their internet activity. Phorm's behavioural targeting service, for instance, has received particularly widespread coverage.
I thought it worth sharing my thoughts. First, a recap on the main ways in which behavioural targeting works.
First-party targeting is where user behaviour is tracked by means of a cookie on a specific website. The data is kept by the website owner (or its contracted company), and targeted ads are served up whilst you're using the site. In a "network" advertising model a number of sites contract with each other to share the data about user journeys across a specified network of sites. The website's privacy policy should tell you how to opt out if you do not want your user journey site used in this way.
Of course, UK users are not served up ads on bbc.co.uk. We are a public service offering - funded by the licence fee. However, we do use cookies in order to provide users with a more customised service. But, you as the user are in control - you have the option of setting your device to accept all cookies, to alert you when a cookie is issued or to opt out - i.e. not to receive cookies at any time. If you want to know more, check Section 13 of our Privacy Policy for more information on our use of cookies.
A commercial company cannot provide good free content on the web without relying on advertising revenues. In which case, the better targeted the marketing - the more sales that are generated. I believe bbc.co.uk thrives by being part of a bigger competitive landscape of amazing content providers - mostly funded by advertising.
Our commercial arm, BBC Worldwide, uses first-party targeting technology on its UK sites - such as topgear.com - and the international facing, advertising funded website at bbc.com, through a company called Audience Science. On our Privacy Policy we include a link for international users explaining more about the technology used and how to opt out of it. (You will find it at the top right hand corner of the privacy page). In a nutshell, Audience Science places a cookie that tracks the pages visited by international users of bbc.com, forms a profile based on that activity, and serves up adverts based on that profile.
Ads can be specifically targeted to users falling within specific "segments" - and there is a user benefit in that. It can also generate revenues that can be reinvested into supporting our public service remit of creating useful propositions for our audiences, as well as new ways of delivering them. Naturally, as a user, you have the choice to opt out.
Then, there is a further type of targeted marketing - ISP based behavioural targeted advertising (such as Phorm) - which is different. Targeted marketing here works by putting their technology into the ISPs networks. They intercept all users' browsing activity using 'deep-packet inspection', putting each user into a 'bucket' that broadly and anonymously categorises them, and serves them ads based on which "bucket" they are in. Whilst this enhances the quality of the targeting (as it covers a broader range of sites) it is also more invasive than first-person or network targeting as it collects the user's entire web activity.
My understanding is that Phorm is not currently deployed on a UK ISP, though it has been trialled. So the jury is still out.
Some principles remain true. They are quite simple - the privacy of our user and the code we follow as a public service broadcaster. This means it is not appropriate for third parties to use the data profiles of the users of BBC services for commercial gain.
Your ISP should always give you the choice of opting into their use of this type of behavioural targeted advertising. This has been laid down by the Information Commissioner's Office (ICO) last year. As it's your ISP who decides whether or not to use this type of technology, it is worth knowing that there are steps you can take. In the case of Phorm, in particular, you can also opt out via their website.
Deep packet inspection is a big issue in Europe. So is the allied topic of users being in the driving seat and being able to give informed consent. The European Commission issued an action about a month ago against the UK Government querying whether the law here goes far enough to protect users.
We are watching this space closely and waiting for details of the Government's response, which is due around mid June.
I am keen to hear your thoughts. There's more coverage of the subject in the links below if you are after further information.
Digital Radio Mondiale - our medium-wave experiences
James Cridland Thursday, 21 May 2009
My colleague Tom writes...
Hello. My name is Tom and I work for the part of the BBC which looks after our television and radio transmissions in the UK. For a bit more than two years, I was also looking after a project to do with digital broadcasting on medium-wave and as we've just published the final report for that, I've been asked to write a few words here to explain what we did and what we found out.
It might surprise you to know that we're still interested in technologies like medium-wave given everything else that's going on but there are good reasons for that. Whichever way you cut it, the BBC is still one of the world's largest medium-wave broadcasters and a considerable chunk of our audience still makes use of our transmissions. From an engineer's point of view, medium-wave is great because it's relatively simple and goes much further than, say, FM: it's not as blocked by trees and buildings and terrain as technologies which use higher frequencies. But it has its problems as well: it's mono, it's not very high quality, it can suffer from interference from domestic appliances. So, a decade or so ago, research engineers from around the world - including the BBC's team at Kingswood Warren - began development of a new transmission standard which would turn medium-wave digital: something which ended up being called digital radio mondiale, or DRM.
Our colleagues at the BBC World Service have been using DRM for a while now on some of their European medium-wave and short-wave transmissions but before April 2007, we in the UK-bit of the BBC (the "home" or "domestic" service) had never really had a chance to experiment with it. We'd certainly never tried running a DRM transmission as a service for an extended period of time to see what the listeners made of it.
In April 2007, we did just that. We took a frequency used by BBC Radio Devon in Plymouth, closed down the medium-wave service, and re-engineered the transmitter so that it could carry DRM. We then ran Radio Devon using this system - and over the course of the next year, we worked with a panel of listeners in Plymouth and west Devon (to whom we had given special DRM-capable radios) to understand how the technology worked for them and what their experience of it was.
The results were interesting. For the most part, the panel's reaction to DRM was positive. They enjoyed the generally improved audio quality and they took easily to their new radios. And for most of them, the reception was good; one or two glitches but normally ok.
This was borne out by our own measurements of the signal. We found that the area we were able to cover during the day was very much bigger than the area we could cover with the old AM signal that had been there previously.
But, on the downside, some of our panel experienced problems at night - and we saw these effects in our measurements as well. The problem will be familiar to many listeners to medium-wave: at night, changes in the atmosphere mean that signals from distant transmitters reach our shores more easily. On medium-wave, you might hear this as cross-talk: a foreign voice underneath what you're trying to listen to, or the occasional 'splat' of another transmission. The issue we came across with DRM is that this interference causes the radio to stop decoding the signal: sometimes only momentarily, sometimes for a while longer. So rather than listening through the interference, it's like all digital systems: you either get it (and so get it at a consistently high quality) or you don't get it at all.
So while most of the panel continued to listen without experiencing any problems, some of them found they were only served during the day and had patchy coverage at night. And of course this problem became worse as the hours of daylight shrunk during the autumn; so by winter, some were beginning to experience poor reception in the late afternoon.
This problem can be solved - but it would require us to re-plan our transmission network: either by moving the frequencies around so that we use ones that aren't quite so damaged by interference, or by building higher power transmitters, or by simply building more of them. (One of the nice things about DRM - which we also proved in the trial - is that you can run two transmitters on the same frequency without causing interference between them, so building more transmitters doesn't necessarily mean using more frequencies.)
DRM still has potential: indeed, considerable potential for international broadcasting where it remains of great interest to our colleagues at the BBC World Service and others, and it might have an application at home as well. But our trial has shown that the migration from analogue to digital at many of the frequencies which are currently allocated to the UK has its own set of challenges that would need to be addressed.
Anyway, there's much more in our final reports - because we worked so closely with the people at BBC Radio Devon, they're available over on their website. Have a read and see what you think.
(Tom Everest works within BBC Distribution)
Two panelists at this mid-afternoon session of the BIA Winning Media Strategies conference – Professor Martin Block of Northwestern’s Medill School, and Arbitron’s Pierre Bouvard. Block is an expert in areas like media planning – which has morphed from the traditional “outbound, marketer-controlled” model where “optimization” of the buy “reigned supreme”, to something far more complex and consumer-driven. How has the world changed? Consider just one chart – Participants in the BigResearch CIA (Consumer Intentions and Actions) study say they spend 131.3 minutes a day on email (astounding). 129.6 minutes a day with TV. 127.5 minutes a day with the Internet. And 93.5 minutes a day with radio. Block says “radio usage has been creeping up”, if you include satellite and web radio. He features a couple of slides about a recent TNS study that should’ve gotten much more attention – 53.6% of the budget spent by the top 7 automotive brands in 2007 went to TV. Radio settled for less than 8%. But if you map the media usage, TV was “over-allocated”, with a “substantial underinvestment in Internet and radio.” At that point, BIA’s Rick Ducey said “Boy, radio looks pretty interesting…” That segued nicely into Arbitron’s Pierre Bouvard, who summarized very efficiently the latest Edison-Arbitron study, which shows this was the year “video popped, like the Internet popped in 1999.” 77% of those in the study say they continue to listen to radio as much as or more than before. Bouvard says people who listen to online radio “are voracious radio consumers” who spend 35% more time than the average with terrestrial radio. He reports that “I’m seeing nothing in the data that AM/FM is being eroded”, even while there’s “a big uptick in online radio.”
McVay New Media’s Daniel Anstandig asks a helluva question after opening with a story about New Orleans’ “Naked Pizza” chain. They use Twitter as their main marketing tool, even putting “Twitter” first on the sign outside their store. And now – Anstandig says “up to 15% of their daily business is coming from Twitter. They figured out how to do [local] digital marketing on their own.” So here’s Daniel’s question – “How many other local advertisers are going to figure out how to market their business online, before we [in the media] figure out how to help them?” Researcher Gordon Borrell picks up more trends, and says of local online, “47.6% of the revenue is going to 'unaffiliated', meaning not TV, radio newspaper – pureplay, out-of-market” media. But Borrell says “there’s a high churn rate, and [the business] is falling back into the hands of newspaper, TV, radio.” But radio’s got serious, serious catching up to do. The stations that are really out-performing are those that “aren’t relying on their ‘call-letter.com’ sites. They’re branching out. They have new brands, and those brands are lifting them above” the traditional reach. He says these high-performers are attacking “Yellow Pages, classifieds and direct mail customers.” He drops an amazing statistic, just published by Borrell Associates – “Direct mail did $49 billion last year.” Remember that radio’s now fallen below $20 billion, and Internet’s around $24.5 billion. Gordon says “Direct mail is ready for an incredible fall…half of direct mail is never read.” His key questions dovetail with some of the “five key factors to building a profitable business” laid out by fellow panelist Ray Mena of Emmis Interactive. Borrell asks “What business are you in? Does your company have a vision” for new media? Mena’s first point – “Is this a business or a hobby?”.
Non ho bisogno di controllare, cara Fonte, la situazione è questa, anche se personalmente parlei di full stop piuttosto che di full speed. Anche per quel che riguarda la tua osservazione conclusiva sulla nostra presunta leadership mondiale nell'industria dei trasmettitori. Molto recentemente ho captato diversi segnali di crisi e diverse segnalazioni di orli. Di fallimento. E ti dirò, non me ne stupisco troppo visto il crollo degli indici di produzione industriale annunciati con grande compiacimento dai (tele)giornali e accolti dagli smaglianti sorrisi di governanti assiduamente impegnati tra una cena di lavoro per la nomina dei capistruttura direzionali e editoriali dell'ente radiotelevisivo pubblico (appunto, è roba loro no?) e gli incontri (serali, con in tasca, casualmente!, i collier da regalare) con i giovani (soprattutto le giovani) futuri protagonisti del mercato del lavoro in quota parte (sempre la loro) nell'ente radiotelevisivo stesso.Il (semi)pensionato ha attraversato Roma e si è "imbucato" nel meeting Aeranti Corallo di ieri (invece di giocare a bocce, ma fa caldo). C'è grande crisi. Solo un panino offerto dai satellitari di Astra.
Io ho capito questo (forse male) o almeno, questo mi sembra che sia stato detto sicuramente:
La Francia ha deciso il passaggio a T-DMB (una variante di DAB). Nel 2013 tutte le radio vendute in Francia (comprese le autoradio!) dovranno essere digitali. (Hanno deciso, sarà così, è la Francia).
L'Italia, se lo switch off della TV va in porto come deciso (fine 2012, nel Lazio e Piemonte fine 2009, ma con le TV in Italia c'e' sempre qualche problemino), avrà la RadioDigitale in formato DAB+ e T-DMB .
Si affianchera' alla radio analogica, non è previsto uno switch off come per la TV. Pensano al 25% del mercato in 4-5 anni. Alcune frequenze (poche, blocco 12 , più una parte del blocco 13) della TV in banda III passeranno alla radio digitale nel cosiddetto "Dividendo Digitale". I broadcaster italiani - "RAI + 15 radio nazionali +1000 radio locali comunitarie" (con ~600 milioni di euro di introiti pubblicitari annui, stabili, sembrano non diminuiti) - hanno trovato un accordo unanime.
Le vecchie frequenze FM non si toccano e le nuove, aggiuntive, verranno spartite sulla base delle proprietà vecchie! Così ho capito, ma che bravi!
Però qualche furbetto degli ultimi cinque minuti non verrà premiato. 5 minuti 5, non di più. Tutto partirà DOPO il regolamento di applicazione da discutere - lì mi sono perso, Autorità, ministeri, boh... Luoghi dove lobbies si agitano alla grande, mi pare.
RAIway+AerantiCorallo hanno pubblicato un libretto sulla sperimentazione comunitaria a Venezia e Bologna, terminata con successo, dicono.
Il ministro Romani (presente all'evento) ha dato la benedizione. RAIway supporta tutto tecnicamente, "full speed" (parola pubblica del Presidente, dello Amministratore Delegato nonché del capo della sezione Business).
La Germania, dopo il flop del DAB, ha deciso per il DAB+. Quindi, in 3 anni, un mercato da 200 milioni di utenti radio DAB+/T-DMB (poi ci sono UK, paesi nordici, Svizzera nel 2010 tutta DABizzata ed ora in fase transizione DAB+ ma sono solo 7 milioni, Australia, Svezia, Danimarca...)
Hanno creato ARD (Associazione Radio Digitale), Allamano (RAIway) si occupa ora di ARD , ha lasciato l'associazione DRM. Di DRM non parla nessuno più in Italia , per ora, "'robba da terzo mondo, come India Africa..." o Cina (quelli sono troppi) o Russia. Paesi molto "grandi in superficie e/o popolazione non ricca", quindi AM/SW, ancora OK.
Di DRM+ (DRM in banda FM 87.0-108.00 MHz) nessuno parla, per ora, ma poi (2015?) chi lo sa? Sarà così? Controlla con qualcun altro... Dimenticavo: di ricevitori non parla nessuno, RAYway aveva gli iRiver B20 e una radiosveglia Brink. Inoltre, questo lo saprai, l'Italia è leader mondiale industriale dei trasmettitori radio/tv. Più del 35% del mercato con prezzi buonissimi. Non me lo sarei immaginato!
(Fonte Anonima)